Zhenmin Li et al本文核心内容:使用数据挖掘技术来分析大型程序中可能存在的因为Copy-Paste产生的Bug。
Copy-Paster可能引起很多Bug,往往是因为没有修改Paste过去的代码中应该修改的地方。对这个问题,目前有一定的研究,但是存在几个问题:
1、分析的效率:对于大型程序,如Linux、数据库等,分析速度非常慢。
2、分析的智能性:目前的一些分析工具,只做到检验出哪里存在Copy-Paste的代码,而无法判断是否存在bug,需要人工分析。
本文为这两个问题作出了贡献:
1、使用数据挖掘技术,使得效率大大增加
2、使用了一定的算法,自动监测可能存在Bug的Pattern
另外,还有一点:
3、统计功能:分析出哪些模块使用Copy-Paste方法较多等等统计信息
实现的技术难点有两点:
1、如何判断代码属于Copy-Paste
2、如何判断Bug
对于第一点,目前大致有三种方法:
1) string-based: divided into strings (typically lines)
2) parse-tree-based: pattern matching on parse-tree and sub-tree
3) token-based: duplicate token sequences are identified
本文采用第三种方法,认为这是最精确的。
对于第二点,文章的思路比较简单:
对于两段被认为是Copy-Paste的代码中,分别找到不同的token的个数,然后看个数是否匹配。一般来说,如果第一段中token1出现了4次,而第二段中token2出现了3次,token1出现了1次,那么很有可能第二段中那个token1应该改成token2。
当然,也不能这么绝对,作者还有一个很简单的算法,即测量修改的和没有修改的比率,如上面的例子中就是0.25。然后对这个比率采用一个阀值,低于一定的阀值,就很有可能是Bug。
个人感觉:
这篇论文的思路很清晰,一个限制条件——针对大规模程序,一个创新点——自动分析Bug。呵呵,这也许是比较典型的论文吧。
At 3:25 PM,
Andy Yang said…
可能和X server的权限要求有关吧。也许可以配置吧。
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